اعلان جرم؛ راهبردی مؤثر در مبارزه با مفاسد‌اقتصادی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه علوم قضایی و خدمات اداری

چکیده

به فرایند گزارش یک اتفاق خلاف‌قانون در یک ساختار،‌از سوی شخصی در همان ساختار یا خارج از آن اعلان جرم (سوت‌زنی) گفته می‌شود. اعلان جرم به‌تناسب آن‌که از سوی چه کسی انجام شود به گونه‌های متفاوتی تقسیم می‌گردد و ارتباط مستقیم با فساد یا یک عمل متقلبانه دارد.‌اگرچه کاربرد این اصطلاح در ادبیات حقوقی جهان عمر چندانی ندارد،‌اما دارای پیشینه غنی در تاریخ مبارزه با مفاسد‌اقتصادی و‌ اداری،‌به لحاظ عمل کنشگر آن است.‌امروزه اعلان جرم موردتوجه بسیاری از قانون‌گذاران کشورها و نظام‌های حقوقی داخلی قرارگرفته و درباره آن قوانین متعددی وضع گردیده است.‌ارایه تعریفی دقیق از اعلان جرم و آشکار نمودن ماهیت آن با توجه به سیر تکوین آن از گذشته تاکنون و هم‌چنین ارتباط آن با فعالیت‌های حوزه خبرنگاری نوین و ارزیابی مزیت‌های اعلان جرم نسبت به سایر روش‌های پرهزینه کشف مفاسد اقتصادی ضمن بررسی نظام‌ حقوقی کشورهای منتخب و نقاط قوت و ضعف قوانین موجود در حقوق ایران موردتوجه پژوهش حاضر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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