سیاست جنایی مشارکتی در احیای حقوق عامه با بهره از ظرفیت سازمان های مردم نهاد

نویسنده

دانشگاه الزهرا(س)

چکیده

یکی از شاخصه‌های مشروعیت و مقبولیت هر نظام به رسمیت شناختن حقوق و آزادی‌های عمومی و صیانت از آنها است. اصل 156 قانون اساسی جمهوری اسلامی ایران در همین راستا، قوه قضائیه را مأمور به احیای حقوق عامه مینماید. استفاده از ظرفیت های مردمی در چارچوب سیاست جنایی مشارکتی، قوه­قضائیه را در انجام این تکلیف یاری می­رساند. بهره­گیری از ظرفیت سازمان­های مردم­نهاد­(سمن) جزء اصلی­ترین ابزارها در اجرای سیاست­های مذکور­است. ورود تخصصی سمن­ها به موضوعات مربوط به حقوق عامه سبب می‌شود تا چنانچه به خوبی از آنها بهره­گیری شود،اقدامات موثری در احیای حقوق عامه صورت­پذیرد. براین اساس ضرورت انجام پژوهشی در پاسخ به این پرسش که در اجرای سیاست جنایی مشارکتی با رویکرد احیای حقوق عامه سمن­ها از چه ظرفیت­هایی برخوردارند؟ احساس شد تا طی یک پژوهش اکتشافی-توصیفی به بررسی موضوع پرداخته شود.فرضیه ای که مطرح می­گردد آنستکه سمن­ها در حوزه‌ی مطالبه‌ی حقوق و آزادیهای مشروع، مشارکت در زمینه‌های سیاست‌گذاری قضایی، پیشگیری از وقوع جرم، حمایت از بزه‌دیدگان، میانجیگری و صلح و سازش از ظرفیت بالایی برخوردارند. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان­می­دهدکه باتوجه به نقش سمن­ها در حوزه‌ی شناسایی و اجرای حقوق عامه، قوه قضائیه بایستی با رویکرد تعاملی حمایتهای لازم را با هدف افزایش کارآمدی آنها در­احیای حقوق عامه به عمل­آورد.

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